* the '''contra-naturals''', or pathogens.
Therapy typically involves fighting the latter, but also correcting the amount of humours, if the patient's something throws your humoral constitution has been thrown way even more off balancethat usual. For example, if the symptoms include fever and profuse sweating, thus exhibiting an overabundance of the ''hot'' and ''moist'' blood, the therapy may involve bloodletting. But if you think bloodletting to be the Galenic cure-all, then think again. If it's a humour other than blood that the medic finds to be superfluous, then it's that humour that must be regulated. Possible procedures include applying emetics, laxatives, carminatives, etc. Did you know that great lords pay a great deal of money for the beneficial enemas prescribed for them by their personal physicians?
<mobileonly>[[File:A_peeping-tom_spying_on_a_fashionable_lady_receiving_an_enem_Wellcome_L0006476.jpg|thumb|upright|left|— Oh, hi! So nice you've dropped by, do come in! I'm having an enema just now, but pay no mind.]]</mobileonly>